Patient guide
Rotator cuff tear: causes and surgery options
The rotator cuff is a sleeve of tendons that powers the shoulder and keeps it moving smoothly. Tears range from partial to full-thickness and can be traumatic or degenerative.
Structured English overview with internal links. A full in-depth clinical article is also available on this site in professional English (and in Hebrew).
What is impingement, and how does it affect the cuff?
Impingement is repeated mechanical irritation of the cuff tendons beneath the acromion; over time this chronic irritation can weaken a tendon and lead to a tear.
A rotator cuff tear typically causes pain that is often worse at night, weakness, and difficulty lifting the arm; large, long-standing tears may progress over time.
How is a rotator cuff tear treated?
Many patients begin with physiotherapy and anti-inflammatory measures, including selective injections, when the symptoms and tear pattern allow.
Arthroscopic repair may be considered for symptomatic full-thickness tears in suitable candidates without excessive surgical risk.
Massive tears with secondary arthritis can lead to a discussion of reverse total shoulder replacement — an open joint replacement with a reversed ball-and-socket design chosen for mechanical reasons.
Full professional article
We recommend starting with the dedicated full clinical article. The shorter patient guide on this page is optional if you prefer a quick overview only.
Open the full professional articleMedically reviewed by Dr. Hagai Moskovich | Last updated: 2026-05-03